1. Overpopulation
The human population is increasing exponentially past the natural carrying capacity of the Earth, and there is no end in sight. This is made possible through amazing technological advances and other incredible industrial achievements. This is also creating horrible environmental consequences for all other living creatures on Earth as well as making living conditions increasingly cramped, most notably for the underdeveloped and underprivileged areas. This problem is a partial cause of many others this world faces, and that is why it is first on this list.
2. Environmental Distress
The increasing human population requires more space, so we take more space and resources from other areas of the world. According to the World Wildlife Foundation, around 50,000 square miles of forest are lost every year due to repurposing for farms, ranches, and cities. Climate change also alters viability of forests because the changing climate means that biomes perform better in different areas than they have been located. Climate change is not disputable, and industrialization is a large factor. Our impact on the environment needs to be minimized so that our planet and all species can last as long as possible.
3. Renewable Energy
Nonrenewable resources are just that, nonrenewable. They cannot last forever, and, at the rate we are consuming them, we will deplete our oil supply in 14 years according to The Ecologist. Our modern world requires large amounts of energy, so we need to have an equally large research sector dedicated to finding better options for supplying those needs. There are also enormous tensions over the remaining resources and their control, so finding newer and more effective resources would decrease tensions across the world.
4. Economic Differences
The differences between post-industrial and pre-industrial countries is enormous. If there were a more uniform spread of information, agriculture, and industry within countries and across the world, then there would be less economic turmoil in the lower grossing areas. The struggles of people across the world to pay for the basic necessities of life cause problems with crime, health, and population. It is proven that post-industrial countries have much lower population growth than those still industrializing. Helping to create more uniformity would alleviate many other issues that arise when people are dissatisfied with their lives.
5. Pollution
Pollution is a compounding problem and every little bit adds up very quickly with over 7 billion people on Earth. Most everybody has heard of the Great Pacific garbage patch, but what have we heard about attempts to fix it? Issues like this one are detrimental to the environments where they are found. It is important to clean the Earth of these artificially produced products because the planet is not built to regulate such materials. This is an important issue that affects the environmental distress described earlier.
1. Renewable Energy
Energy is the most important resource in today's society, so simply applying the top minds to research newer and more efficient sources is not a very difficult task. The difficulty is that fossil fuels are so ingrained in the power structure that it is hard to change providers. If the government subsidized solar power funding for average citizens, we could create enormous changes relatively quickly. Also, nuclear energy is highly efficient and has no emissions other than the radioactive waste, which is buried safely beneath the ground.
2. Disease
Disease treatment is readily available to all developed countries and their inhabitants for many known ailments. There are diseases that have been completely eliminated from most modern areas (cold virus, malaria, small pox, and more) that are still extremely threatening to other areas. If we simply increased vaccinations and treatments for third-world countries we could make extensive progress towards successfully making an extreme change in the number of curable diseases killing people all over the world.
3. Pollution
The easiest problem to fix is the pollution we create as a species, in theory. In practice, however, it is extremely difficult to have people all on the same page taking steps toward this goal. A very simple step that we can all easily take is stopping pollution. If we took better care to stop littering and found more efficient ways to dispose of all of our garbage, a huge positive impact would result. There are also emissions problems to solve and other air pollution. This form of pollution is mostly a result of combustion of fossil fuels and could be fixed with newer energies.
4. Deforestation
This problem is easy to fix, just stop cutting down forests. The conflict is that we need more space as a species. So, we need to find better ways of generating more space. We could expand downward, which could also lead to geothermal energy, or expand upward. There are projects making strides toward generating farmland on top of urban buildings and further integrating agriculture with technological advancements. A simple idea that we can integrate with a little ingenuity.
5. Hunger
It is estimated that between 30-40% of the USA's total food production is wasted completely. Worldwide waste in industrialized countries is almost equal to the total food production in sub-Saharan Africa. These statistics, and many others, prove that there is a lot of opportunity for improvement. There are many ways to both minimize waste and feed millions of people, and we need to come together and find ways to achieve this goal. Fairly straightforward solution that requires a lot of logistical planning.